Communication Sciences Notes

Speech as an Overlaid Function

Speech as an Overlaid Function: According to Sapir, 1921 physiologically, speech is an overlaid function, or to be more precise, a group of overlaid functions. It gets what service it can out of organs and functions, nervous and muscular, that have come into being and...

Prerequisites for Normal Speech and Language Development

Prerequisites for Normal Speech and Language Development: The following skills and capacities are essential for individuals . In order to achieve normal speech and language development. One must have brain , nervous system that is neuromotor abilities, functional...

The Speech Chain Model

The Speech Chain Model: The process of speech communication involves a series of actions connecting the speaker's and the listener's brains. This series of occurrences will be referred to as the speech chain. The different forms in which a spoken message exists in its...

Issues related to Bilingualism and Multilingualism

Issues related to Bilingualism and Multilingualism: When we consider Bilingualism or Multilingualism in language development or the probable condition that bi/multilingualism may confuse the child leading to delay in language learning. One of the biggest concerns that...

Anatomy and Physiology of Speech and Hearing

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Electronics and Acoustics

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Research Methods and Statistics

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Linguistics and Phonetics

Overview of Speech Production and Speech Mechanism

Overview of Speech Production and Speech Mechanism: Communication is a fundamental aspect of human interaction, and speech production is at the heart of this process. Behind every spoken word lies a series of intricate steps that allow us to convey our thoughts and...

Linguistics and Different Branches of Linguistics

Linguistics and Different Branches of Linguistics: Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure. It seeks to comprehend how language is acquired, used, and understood by individuals and societies. This interdisciplinary field draws from various...

Phonological Disorder and Types of Phonological Processes

Phonological Disorder and Types of Phonological Processes: When learning to speak, typically developing children use phonological processes, or patterns of sound errors, to simplify their speech. A phonological disorder develops when phonological processes continue...

Issues related to Bilingualism and Multilingualism

Issues related to Bilingualism and Multilingualism: When we consider Bilingualism or Multilingualism in language development or the probable condition that bi/multilingualism may confuse the child leading to delay in language learning. One of the biggest concerns that...

Neurology

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Otolaryngology

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Introduction to Speech Language Pathology

Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): It's essential to remember that autism is a highly variable condition, and each individual with autism is unique. Some individuals may have more pronounced characteristics in some areas, while others may have milder...

Test of Articulation – Goldman Fristoe | ARIZONA | Hindi

Test of Articulation - Goldman Fristoe | ARIZONA | Hindi:  Test of Articulation or Picture Articulation Test (PTA) is a widely used assessment tool that evaluates an individual's ability to pronounce specific speech sounds correctly. It involves presenting the...

Definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Autism spectrum disorder is a condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others, causing problems in social interaction and communication. The disorder also includes...

Reinforcement in Speech and Language Therapy – Types and Schedules

Reinforcement in Speech and Language Therapy - Types and Schedules: Reinforcement in speech and language therapy refers to the use of positive stimuli to strengthen and encourage desired behaviors in communication. By providing rewards, praise, or encouragement when a...

Speech Therapy Lesson Plan – Goals Procedures and Activities

Speech Therapy Lesson Plan - Goals Procedures and Activities: The importance of speech therapy lies in its ability to empower individuals to communicate effectively, participate in social interactions, and succeed in academic and professional settings. A...

Voice and Its Disorders

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Speech Sound Disorders

Phonetic Placement Therapy – Techniques | Cues | Chart

Phonetic Placement Therapy - Techniques | Cues | Chart: Phonetic Placement Therapy is a speech therapy technique used to correct speech sound errors by focusing on the precise placement of articulatory structures such as the lips, tongue, and vocal cords. It's often...

Sensory-Motor Treatment Approaches for Speech Therapy

Sensory-Motor Treatment Approaches for Speech Therapy: Sensory-Motor Treatment Approaches are invaluable tools in the field of speech therapy. By addressing the sensory-motor aspects of speech production, these approaches empower individuals to overcome speech...

Van Riper Traditional Articulation Therapy

Van Riper Traditional Articulation Therapy: Traditional articulation therapy is a structured and effective approach to address speech disorders. Through accurate assessment, personalized goals, consistent practice, and family involvement, individuals can overcome...

Test of Articulation – Goldman Fristoe | ARIZONA | Hindi

Test of Articulation - Goldman Fristoe | ARIZONA | Hindi:  Test of Articulation or Picture Articulation Test (PTA) is a widely used assessment tool that evaluates an individual's ability to pronounce specific speech sounds correctly. It involves presenting the...

How to do an Oral Mechanism Exam

How to do an Oral Mechanism Exam: The Oral Mechanism Exam, often referred to as the Oral Peripheral Mechanism Examination (OPME), is a comprehensive assessment conducted by speech-language pathologists, dentists, and other healthcare professionals. It aims to evaluate...

Motor Speech Disorders in Children

Phonetic Inventory Phonemic Inventory and Phonotactic Inventory

Phonetic Inventory Phonemic Inventory and Phonotactic Inventory: Phonetic Inventory refers to the complete set of distinct speech sounds utilized in a specific language. It encompasses both consonants and vowels, capturing the subtle variations in pronunciation that...

Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT): Goal | Steps | Phrases

Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT): Goal | Steps | Phrases - Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) is a specific speech therapy approach created to aid people with non-fluent aphasia and apraxia of speech in regaining speech function. Beginning with short, incredibly...

Overview of Speech Production and Speech Mechanism

Overview of Speech Production and Speech Mechanism: Communication is a fundamental aspect of human interaction, and speech production is at the heart of this process. Behind every spoken word lies a series of intricate steps that allow us to convey our thoughts and...

Principles of Motor Learning for Motor Based Treatment Approach

Principles of Motor Learning - Motor Based Treatment Approach: Motor learning is a fascinating part of human behavior that involves the acquisition of skills through practice and experience. Whether it's learning to ride a bike, play a musical instrument, or master a...

Nervous Systems of the Human Body

Nervous System of the Human Body: It is the Master Controlling and Communicating System of the Body. The Nervous System Controls and Coordinates all Essential Functions of the Human Body. Function of the Nervous System: Sensory Function Integrative Function Motor...

Language Disorders in Children

Autism Test for Teens | Kids | Adults

Autism Test for Teens | Kids | Adults: In the realm of autism assessment, a balanced and organized approach is integral to developing a nuanced understanding of a person’s condition. The autism assessment process is one of the most challenging pathways that the...

Gilliam Autism Rating Scale 3 (GARS-3) Scoring Interpretation

Gilliam Autism Rating Scale 3 (GARS-3) Scoring Interpretation: The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale is among the most widely used autism assessment instruments worldwide, it is in its third edition. The GARS-3 (Gilliam Autism Rating Scale) is designed to help teachers,...

Autism Symptoms Adult Women and Men

Autism Symptoms Adult Women and Men: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by variable expression. Most of what we know about autism has been centered around diagnosing it in children and then understanding how to...

Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): It's essential to remember that autism is a highly variable condition, and each individual with autism is unique. Some individuals may have more pronounced characteristics in some areas, while others may have milder...

Definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Autism spectrum disorder is a condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others, causing problems in social interaction and communication. The disorder also includes...

Structural Anomalies and Speech Disorders

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Fluency and Its Disorders

Prevention and Early Identification of Fluency Disorder

Prevention and Early Identification of Fluency Disorder: Stuttering is a disorder of childhood, onset of which in more than 90% of the individuals is before the age of 6 years. Clinicians are often apprehensive in counseling the parents regarding the need for...

Relapse and Recovery from Fluency Disorders

Relapse and Recovery from Fluency Disorders: Relapse means a falling back into a former state, especially after apparent improvement. Relapse is not well defined in stuttering (Craig, 1998). Stuttering is a chronic disorder and many adults can only remain fluent by...

Approaches to Management of Fluency Disorders

Approaches to Management of Fluency Disorders: The management of fluency disorders involves three stages. Establishment of Fluency Generalization of Fluency Maintenance of Fluency Establishment of Fluency Establishment of fluency is easy and can be achieved using a...

Different Techniques and Strategies used in Management of Stuttering

Different Techniques and Strategies used in Management of Stuttering: The techniques and Strategies are described based on these Approaches to Management of Fluency Disorder. Fluency Modification Techniques Fluency Shaping Techniques Cognitive Restructuring Techniques...

Assessment and Diagnosis of Fluency Disorder

Assessment and Diagnosis of Fluency Disorder: Individuals are referred to a speech-language pathologist (SLP) for a comprehensive assessment when disfluencies are noted and when one or more of the factors listed below are observed along with the disfluencies. A...

Motor Speech Disorders in Adults

Flaccid Dysarthrias: Causes and Characteristics

Flaccid Dysarthrias Causes and Characteristics: Flaccid Dysarthrias are a perceptually distinct group of Motor Speech Disorders (MSDs) caused by injury or disease of one or more cranial or spinal nerves. They reflect problem in the nuclei, axons or neuromuscular...

Language Disorders in Adults

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Dysphagia/Swallowing Disorders

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Mr. Vikash Kumar (Audiologist and Speech Language Pathologist)

Mr. Vikash Kumar (Audiologist and Speech Language Pathologist)

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Hello and welcome! I’m an Audiologist and Speech‑Language Pathologist, practicing in India, with a love for everything related to speech and hearing. My overall goal is to do this globally, to inform anyone who’s interested, students, patients, and colleagues, with the coolest information, tips, and resources. This blog is a place where you can find the latest resources from the field, as well as reliable, accessible, and practical guidance for evidence-based business education, whether in the classroom or online. I hope you find it useful please browse through, learn things, and take your career to the next level. If you want to keep up, you’ve got to subscribe, follow me on social media. Thanks for being here with me!

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